Taking The Initiative Essay Research Paper Taking free essay sample

Taking The Initiative Essay, Research Paper Taking the Enterprise One stating that everyone says that all people who are in Fraternities and Sorority # 8217 ; s imbibe intoxicant and party, but in my experience I have found that non all do. In fact a batch of Greeks take clip out of their busy school agendas to assist out with the community, program non-alcoholic activities, and interact and work with the people involved with Oregon State University, while keeping at that place classs. The Grecian system is a valuable resource in which the Corvallis community should acknowledge and esteem. Without it, the local community would lose out on many opportunities to run into and interact with some of the best people around. Many people think that Grecian organisations are merely out to party, drink, and mark for the dark. For case, my friends think that since I am in a fraternity that I drink a batch and travel to these immense # 8220 ; frat # 8221 ; parties. We will write a custom essay sample on Taking The Initiative Essay Research Paper Taking or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page But in fact I drank more in high school and partied harder than what I do now. As you can see this stereotype is non ever true. Of class this activity may go on, but at the same clip these same cases go on in residence halls and in people # 8217 ; s places. The Greek community nevertheless, seems to be shunned because of it. This is likely due to the fact that most fraternities and sororities have nice places, they do good in school, and they seem to acquire far in life while still holding merriment. A batch of the general populace might be covetous and covetous. This is non a ground to look down upon the Grecian people. I have seen first manus that a Fraternity can make good without the presence of intoxicant. In my house, Phi Gamma Delta, we have chosen non to hold intoxicant as a portion of our mundane life. We have seen what intoxicant can make to fraternities. About five old ages ago Phi Gamma Delta was closed down due to missing classs and other complications. When we were ab le to open back up, we decided that it should be alcohol free. This in itself was a large measure for the Greek community and we decided to take it. We have taken the opportunity of non being the most popular or the biggest party house on campus but alternatively turn the image about and demo that the Greek community as a whole can be respected and responsible. In many houses, philanthropic gifts are a large portion of their lives. Many spend their weekends assisting childs at the local male childs and misss nine, training a hoops squad, or even picking up rubbish on the side of the route. One fraternity for illustration that does this is Sigma Pi. They have a certain portion of main road that they pick up rubbish every twelvemonth. These are non activities that any Grecian member is required to make. This is something they choose to make, both to better themselves as an association and to assist out the public community. Peoples who respect and help the community do be in the Grecian system. Most people hear about how fraternity # 8217 ; s merely party and drink and they think that is all they do. You can non judge an full working and productive community by merely one bad experience. Not everybody is the typical # 8220 ; frat boy # 8221 ; or typical # 8220 ; sorority girl. # 8221 ; Of class there is ever a few bad apples here and at that place, but Thursday ere are bad apples everyplace in this universe. Fraternities have non wholly given up the # 8220 ; party scene. # 8221 ; All houses have these so called # 8220 ; maps, # 8221 ; but non all contain intoxicant. Many are dry, which is the term used for non holding alcohol present at the party. This is a great manner to socialise and acquire to cognize people. It allows person to acquire to cognize another individual on a one-on-one footing without being intoxicated. Hellenics have realized this and hold decided to non ever use intoxicant while hosting a societal event. Delta Upsilon fraternity and along with all of the sorority # 8217 ; s on campus have realized that they excessively do non necessitate intoxicant to hold a good clip. They believe that this is a responsible manner of interacting with people and this is their manner of demoing the community that they do non needfully have to hold intoxicant to hold merriment. In many ways it allows them to be themselves and learn them to step out of their comfort zone and get the better of the normal barriers of shyness. There are a batch of fraternity work forces and sorority adult females who take an active function on campus. Some work with public functionaries, some are teacher helpers, and others work for the university giving Tourss for possible pupils. Many of these great people live in my house. They are great leaders and have a great influence on the people they meet. They are responsible and respectable immature grownups that work hard for what they do and for what they earn. This is evidently non even shut to the stereotype that a batch of people have about fraternities and sororities. This, to me, is something that everyone should look extremely upon and perchance pattern themselves after. The Greeks are a goodhearted and eager group ready to take on any challenge and put good attempt to it. Imagine assisting out the community on a regular footing and still acquire good classs. Well on top of everything else, the Greeks # 8217 ; classs are merely every bit of import as anything that they do. All houses combined have an overall better class point norm than the school as a whole does. It # 8217 ; s obvious to see what the Grecian system deems as of import and what is necessary to last in the existent universe. Making clip to travel out and assist person and keeping good classs is tough, but for some ground the Greeks cognize how to make this. This merely shows that they can work hard for others every bit good as themselves. Classs are seemingly a large issue in their lives ; therefore they are willing to demur full duty in whatever they do. This is a mark of true dedication and devotedness and should be regarded as such. These are non the actions of a weak and immature society, but alternatively those of a strong, turning and responsible organisation that is welcome and willing to set forth new attempts to do their communities better. I am proud to state that I am portion of this organisation and I have the best chance to make both what is good and right for myself and the people around me. Peoples should recognize that there is more to fraternities and sororities than they truly think they know. Each house has its qualities and its traits and the common populace should halt and acknowledge this.

After the Sirens Essay Example

After the Sirens Essay Example After the Sirens Essay After the Sirens Essay As soon as the radio is switched on it is described as screaming and it startles the man. He also recognized the radio announcer’s voice but it this was the first time his voice did not sound upbeat and happy as it usually was during his morning show. The author also describes his voice as â€Å"Cracking with hysteria† (Hood, pg. 161) which clearly sets the mood in the story. The way his voice is described stresses the role that the announcer plays in this story. The radio announcer uses repetition right from the beginning of the story and creates suspense, when he repeats â€Å"This not an exercise†(Hood, pg. 160) three times. He also repeats â€Å"This is an air raid warning†(Hood, pg. 160) twice right after the radio is turned on. He continues with the count down right until ten seconds before the bomb hit. The radio announcer sets this man into action to save himself and his family. The man responds immediately by telling his wife not to ask questions and to dress her self and the baby in many layers of heavy clothing. While she is doing that he gathers up food, water, canned goods and two can openers. The radio announcer also helps the man to decide where they should take cover in the house because he reported the target and the man knew where the blast would be coming from. The radio announcer helped them survive. I was captured immediately by his voice and was taken on a journey of anticipation and suspense.

Managing International Trade Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words - 1

Managing International Trade - Essay Example The 1960s saw the company diversify into research and manufacturing of drugs with development of the Ibuprofen painkiller. The company has diversified its development to other places and in 1968, the company acquired through purchase Timothy Whites and Taylors Ltd chain. Ion 1978, the company acquired Tamblyn Drugs chain in Canada which saw it entering the market. In 1987, the company became UK’s second largest drugs chain by acquiring Clement Clarke Ltd. and Curry and Paxton Ltd. In 1998, it ventured into dentistry and ‘well-being’ services offered to its customers. The company has seen sales and acquisitions with companies related to the field such as Optical Express but in 2006, the company developed a merger with Alliance Boots Ltd. In 2012, it was announced that Walgreens wanted to acquire a 45% stake in Boots. This is supposed to be a long term investment issue. The company mission statement is, â€Å"to become the world’s leading pharmacy-led health and beauty group†. This would be done through collaboration with Walgreen where Boots would boost Walgreen in the UK market and Walgreen boost Boots in the American and Chinese markets where it has prospered. The corporate level strategies of the company are to focus on its core activities in business. This is specific in the pharmacy led health and beauty retailing as well as pharmaceutical wholesaling and distribution. This is to be achieved alongside realizing international branding of the products so that a third dimension is created. The strategy therefore includes growing the core businesses in the existing markets as well as continued delivery of improved products and saving of costs. Growth opportunities are supposed to be achieved through pursuing the growth opportunities in new high growth markets. The company also seeks to launch new brands in new markets, deliver synergies through strategic partnerships with other companies. The partnerships may

Explain the Balance-of-Payments BoP Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Explain the Balance-of-Payments BoP - Essay Example This definition provides the fundamental relationship between BoP and the foreign exchange market. Foreign exchange is considered as a transaction made by citizens, organizations and businesses within a country with foreigners, hence, it is included in the national summary to keep track and calculate transactions with other countries. Specifically, the foreign exchange market creates a demand for foreign currency in addition to a supply of the domestic currency in the forex market. Gwartney et al. explains that since the foreign exchange market will bring quantity demanded and quantity supplied into balance, it will also bring the total debits and total credits into balance† (420). Foreign exchange is different from a simple demand for money. When country demands money it means people of such country require or demand money they would be able to hold and use. In foreign exchange, the currency is treated like a product being transacted, wherein the demand for such currency means that one is offering another within a form of exchange. In an open economy, particularly, the balance of payments surpluses and deficits are considered equivalent to imports and exports of domestic currency, which means the internal disparities that arise between the demand for and supply of money are correctable through the balance of payments (Riesenhuber 285). This is best depicted within the fixed exchange rate regime. In a fixed exchange rate regime, a country’s Central Bank has control over the exchange rate. This is achieved through the readiness of the bank to purchase or sell its home currency at a specific rate when required. Marin used the case of the United Kingdom as an example: There is a UK balance of payments surplus so that there is an excess demand for ?, the Bank of England has to sell ? in order to mop up the excess demand which (like any other demand) would otherwise cause a rise in the foreign exchange price of the ?, i.e. an appreciation (Marin 149). I n the fixed foreign exchange rate, the government involvement or actions can induce changes and affect certain variables such as those that make up the balance of payments (i.e. the balance of goods movements). Most of the foreign exchange markets and regulatory regimes use this model because of the recognized need for the government’s role in stabilizing fluctuations. The fixed-rate regime is also being made imperative by explicit balance of payment policies, which favor managed flexibility especially on the need to insulate the domestic economy from foreign disturbances (Arize 177). In Free Floating Exchange Rate Regimes, the Central Bank or similar authority is not involved in the foreign exchange market. It is determined freely by the demand for, and the supply of, foreign currencies by private parties (Arize 177). The transactions that transpire are reflected in the balance of payments of a country as is, without any correction made. 2. Explain the so-called â€Å"inter est-parity† condition and use this to discuss the effects of a country’s monetary expansion on its interest rate, exchange rate, and output (hence employment) when this policy is:

Criminology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 10

Criminology - Essay Example How is it possible, for example, to justify the actions of a criminal, who killed a little child? It is absolutely impossible to let this person exist further, moreover to give him a chance to appear among other members of the society again one day. Such people should be eliminated, they should not exist, because their behavior can’t be corrected anyhow. So, death penalty is very helpful here and should be used. On the other hand modern world is trying to follow democratic principles. Notwithstanding that the majority of European countries and many states of the US cancelled death penalty, in some countries death penalty is still widely used. For example, in China it is applied every day to any kinds of crimes (Evans, 2012). Is it right? No, it is absolutely wrong because it contradicts humanistic and democratic principles. The best way is to use death penalty only sometimes for the most severe crimes. However, cases are rarely considered separately, the law is the same for everybody, and many innocent people are still in risk. Thus, the issue remains

Entity Relationship Data Model And Normalization Computer Science Essay

Entity Relationship Data Model And Normalization Computer Science Essay Draw an Entity Relationship Data Model that describes the content and structure of the data held by Petcare. Specify the cardinality ratio and participation constraint of each relationship type. Answer: Draw an Entity Relationship Data Model To design the database system for Petcare, we need to draw and Entity Relationship Diagram to show all and entities and the relationship between the enteritis. The ERD models the static relationships amongst this information that are preserved and maintained by the database. The ERD shows how items of data relate, statically, to each other. 1.1.1 Entities of the ERD First step, we need to define the entities in the database. According the requirement of the Petcare, the below entities should be involved in the database system to record the Petcares information; Information of the pet included the type, breed, sex, age and their owner Information of the pet owner included their name, address, home telephone number and mobile telephone number Information included the pet the appointment is for, the owner of the pet, the particular branches of Petcare, the attending veterinary Veterinarian and the date and time of the appointment. Information of the veterinary Veterinarian included their name, address, home telephone number, mobile telephone number, which branch they report to and their specialize. The outcome of the appointment which included the prescription and the charge made. 1.1.2 Entities relationship Next step is to define the relationship of each entity. The relationship included Participation Constraint and Cardinality Ratio. Participation Constraint There are two types of participation constraint named Total and Partial participation. A Total participation (mandatory participation) constraint specifies that every member in the entity must participate as a member of another linked entity in the generalization. A Partial participation (optional participation) constraint specifies that a member of the entity does not belong to any member of another linked entity in the generalization. Cardinality Ratio Three types of cardinality is described as below: One-to-one (1:1) Relation between two entities which is linked each other with their primary key(s) only. Many-to-many (M:N) Relation between two entities which is linked each other without any primary key. It also have the chance to create the redundancy error. Therefore it is better to break into two relations such as one-to-many and many-to-one. One-to-many (1:M) or Many-to-one (M:1) Relation between two entities which is linked each other from the primary key(s) to foreign key(s). The relationship of Pet The pet was raised by the owner; each pet should only have 1 owner but the owner can keep more then 1 pet. The owner also can keep difference kind of pets. There fore, the relationship of Pet and Owner is Total and one to many. Relationship of Owner The pet owner would make appointment with the Veterinarian. In the real case, an owner would make more then 1 appointment, also the Veterinarian also not handle 1 case only. A relational database is not allowed this condition. To solve the issue another entity Appointment was added between Owner and Veterinarian. The Owner may make the appointment before visit the veterinarian, also they also can walk-in but without appointment. In order to simple the database design, we see the walk-in also as a new appointment. Therefore, the relationship of Owner and Appointment is Total and one to many. Relationship of Appointment the appointment was created by the pet owner and was handled be the Veterinarian. However, some Veterinarian may respond to the special case and would not handle the appointment. Therefore, the relationship of Appointment and Veterinarian is Partial and many to one relationship. Relationship of Veterinarian On the above we already mentioned a Veterinarian would attend more then one appointment. Also the Veterinarian would issue more then 1 diagnosis. Diagnosis is the outcome of the appointment which was issued by the veterinarian. The relationship of Veterinarian and Diagnosis is Total and one to many. 1.1.3 Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) According the above entities and relationship design we got the first ERD as below; The ERD was showed the logical database design of the Petcare. The ERD identifies a list of data elements that must be included in the database. Fig. 1. The ERD of Petcare. Task 2 Produce the resulting normalized tables clearly indicating the primary and foreign keys. Answer: Normalization After complete the logical design of the database and draw the ERD, we can start the physical design of the database. The first thing is to create the table and define the data-set need to store in the database. A good database design should make the content of each table is only related to its own entity. In order to meet this requirement, normalization process should be implemented. The normalization process needs step by step to transform the database and each step have specify name, called; Un-normal Form UNF First Normal Form 1NF Second Normal Form 2NF Third Normal Form 3NF Boyce-Codd Normal Form BCNF The below steps should be carried out for the normalization. Collect the data-set Transform the un-normalized form tables into first normal form Transform the first normal form tables to second normal form Transform the second normal form tables to third normal form First Normal Form (1NF) According the ERD design and the requirement of Petcare, the Tables of the database were created as below; also some attributes were added to indentify the data-sets, e.g. PetID, which attributes also the Primary of the table. Fig. 2. The Un-normal Form table The above tables were included all requested data and information requested by Petcare. However, some of attributes are the same in difference tables. The tables are a un-normal form table. We need to make the content of each table is only related to its own entity. Therefore the normalization process should be implemented. The first step is transforming the un-nornalized form table into first normal form. The definition of first normal form is all non-key attributes in relation is if, and only if, functionally dependent upon primary key. According the definition of first normal form, we should avulse the non-key attributes which are not relate to the primary key and create another table for this attribute. For example; in the table Veterinarian, the Branch and Specialise are not related to the Primary key, so we need avulse these attributes and create another table, Branch Specialise. Another table Diagnosis also the same issue. Fig. 3. Normalized table Fig. 4 Normalized table 2 After the process of first normalized, we got the First Normal Form table as below; Fig. 5. First Normal Form table Second Normal Form (2NF) The second step is transfer first normal form to second normal form. The definition of second normal form is all relations are, and only if, it is in first normal form and every non-key attribute are fully functionally dependent on the primary key. After second normalization, we got the below tables; Fig. 6. Second Normalized tables Third Normal Form (3NF) The definition of third normal form is all relations are if, and only if, it is in second normal form and every non-key attributes in nor-transitively dependent on the primary key. Because the second normalized tables already meet the equipment. Therefore, it is third normal form. Primary Key and Foreign Key The next step to design the physical database is defining the Primary Key and the Foreign key. This step also defining the relationship of each table. The Primary Key is used to identify the record in each table. The Foreign Key is the key attribute to link other table. The final normalized table with details relationship, Primary key and Foreign key were showed on the below diagram. Fig. 7. Final table design Data Dictionary The last step of design the database is define the property of each attribute. The property of attribute is design the coding of the attribute. A good coding design is very important because a good coding design can let use easy to understand and take less mistake when input the data, and also determined the usability and extensibility of the database. A good coding design should meet below requirements; Uniqueness only one value of the code may be applied to an entity. Expandability must have sufficient space for the entry of new items. Conciseness should use the minimum number of characters to define each item. Uniform size format no addition of prefixes or suffixes. Simplicity simple to apply and understand. Versatility easy to modify for changes in conditions. Sortability may not be the code itself as long as it can be correlated with a sortable code. Stability should not need regular updating as this is costly. Meaningful in some circumstances it is useful for the code to reflect the characteristics of the coded entities. Operability the code should be sufficient to meet the current and future needs of data identification but also minimise the clerical and system resources required to operate it. Other then the coding design, the sequence of table create also very important as the table may has relation with other tables. We should first create the table which has not relate to other tables, then create the table relate to this table. The sequence of table create list as the sequence of the Data dictionary. According the above requirements, the tables and attributes were created and the details were listed on the Data Dictionary below; Data Dictionary of Petcard Table Name Field Name Type Size Status Description Owner OwnerID char 6 PK The ID of owner à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ O_Name char 30 Not NULL Name of owner à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ O_Address varchar 100 NULL Address of owner à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ O_Phone char 15 NULL Phone number of owner à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ O_Mobile char 15 NULL Mobile number of owner à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ PetType TypeID char 1 PK The ID of pet type à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ P_Type char 15 Not NULL name of pet type à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ Breed BreedID char 2 PK The ID of breed type à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ B_type char 15 Not NULL Name of Breed type à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ TypeID char 1 FK relate to PetType à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ Pet PetID char 6 PK The ID of the Pet à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ OwnerID char 6 FK relate to Owner à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ PetName char 20 Not NULL Name of the pet à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ Sex char 1 Not NULL sex of the pet à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ Age numeric 2 Not NULL age of the pet à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ Breedid char 2 FK relate to Breed à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ Branch BranchID char 1 PK The ID of branch à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ B_Name char 15 Not NULL Name of branch à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ B_Address char 50 Not NULL Address of branch à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ B_Phone char 15 Not NULL Phone number of branch à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ Specialisation SpeID char 2 PK The ID of specialize à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ Specialise char 10 Not NULL Name of the specialization à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ Veterinarian VetID char 3 PK The ID of veterinaria à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ V_Name char 30 Not NULL Name of veterinaria à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ V_Address varchar 100 Not NULL Address of veterinaria à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ V-Phone char 15 Not NULL Phone number of veterinaria à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ V_Mobile char 15 Not NULL Mobile number of veterinaria à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ SpecID char 2 FK relate to Specialisation à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ BranchID char 1 Not NULL The branch of the veterinaria is working à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ Appointment AppID char 10 PK The ID of appointment à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ VetID char 3 FK relate to Veterinarian à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ OwnerID char 6 FK relate to owner à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ BranchID char 1 FK relate to Branch à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ PetID char 6 FK relate to Pet à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ Date date 8 Not NULL date of appointment à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ Time time 4 Not NULL time of appointment à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ Drug Type D_TypeID char 2 PK The ID of Drug Type à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ D_Type char 20 Not NULL Name of drug type à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ Drug DrugID char 4 PK The ID of drug à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ D_typeID char 2 FK relate to DrugType à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ DrugName char 30 Not NULL Name of the drug à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ Category char 20 Not NULL How to use the drug à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ Period char 2 Not NULL Number of day to use the drug à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ Prescription PrescID char 10 PK The ID of Prescription à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ Drug1 char 4 FK relate to Drug à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ Drug2 char 4 FK relate to Drug à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ Drug3 char 4 FK relate to Drug à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ Diagnosis DiagID char 6 PK The ID of diagnosis à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ VelID char 3 FK relate to Velerinarian à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ PrescID char 10 FK relate to Prescription Price Numeric 6 Not NULL The price of diagnosis Task 3 Using a Database Management System (DBMS) set-up all of the above normalized tables, and populate them with well-designed test data.. Answer: Create tables on DBMS After completely designed the database, we should start to create it. Concerning to popularity and easy to use, we determined to use Microsoft Access as the Database Management System (DBMS) of the Petcare database. We should use SQL command to create the tables, attributes and relationships of tables. Create tables The SQL command of create tables was lists below; Create the table Owner CREATE TABLE Owner (OwnerID CHAR(6) PRIMARY KEY, O_Name CHAR(30), O_Address VARCHAR(100), O_Phone CHAR(15), O_Mobile CHAR(15) ); Create the table PetType CREATE TABLE PetType (TypeID CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY, P_Type CHAR(15) ); Create the table Breed CREATE TABLE Breed (BreedID CHAR(2) PRIMARY KEY, B_type CHAR(15), TypeID CHAR(1) REFERENCES PetType(TypeID) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE ); Create the table PetType CREATE TABLE Pet (PetID CHAR(6) PRIMARY KEY, OwnerID CHAR(6) REFERENCES Owner(OwnerID) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, PetName CHAR(20), Sex CHAR(1), Age NUMERIC(2) BreedID CHAR(2) REFERENCES Breed(BreedID) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE ); All the tables also used the similar SQL command to create, we would not repeat all there. After all tables, attributes and relationships were created. The whole table diagram was showed as below figure;. Fig. 8. Tables in MS Access Test Data After the table creation finished. We should input the test data to the database to test the database functioned as expended. We would input at least 5 records to each table. The below screen showed the test data of all tables; Fig. 9. Table Owner, Pet, PetType, Breed Fig. 10. Table Veterinarian, Specialization, Appointment, Branch Fig. 11. Table Prescription, Diagnosis, Drug, DrugType The Printout of tables please refers to appendix. Task 4 Set-up and test all of the following queries using Structured Query Language (SQL). Answer: Set-up test queries In order to test the database design and data input correct, we need to query the data form the database. The below 2 case can test the database meet the Petcares requirements. Query 1 Requirement: Display the names and addresses of the branches of Petcare and the names of all the veterinary doctors working at each of the branches. Any specialism(s) of the veterinary doctors should also be shown. This is a very general query in database, to goal the requirement we need to the join the Branch, Veterinarian and Specialization 3 tables and select the requested data. The query statement and result were listed below; SELECT Branch.b_name AS Branch, Branch.b_address AS Address, Veterinarian.v_name AS VetName, Specialization.specialise AS Specialization FROM (Branch INNER JOIN Veterinarian ON Branch.branchid=Veterinarian.branchid) INNER JOIN Specialization ON Veterinarian.SpecID=Specialization.SpecID ORDER BY Branch.b_name; Fig. 12. Result of Query 1. Query 2 Requirement: Display all the appointments for the whole of the Petcare organization. This should be ordered by date. The result should display the branch the appointment is at, the name of the veterinary doctor the appointment is with, the date and time of the appointment, the name of the animal the appointment is for, the type of animal and the breed of the animal. Case two is more difficulty; we need to join Appointment, Branch, Veterinary, Pet, PetType and Breed total 6 tables. The query is very complex and easy to make mistake. The query statement and query results were showed below; SELECT Branch.b_name AS Branch, Veterinarian.v_name AS VetName, Appointment.date, Appointment.time, Pet.petname AS PetName, PetType.P_Type AS Type, Breed.breed AS Breed FROM ((((Appointment INNER JOIN Veterinarian ON Appointment.vetid=Veterinarian.vetid) INNER JOIN Branch ON Veterinarian.branchid=Branch.branchid) INNER JOIN Pet ON Appointment.petid=Pet.petid) INNER JOIN Breed ON Pet.breedid=Breed.breedid) INNER JOIN PetType ON Breed.TypeID=PetType.TypeID) ORDER BY Appointment.date; Fig. 13. Result of query 2 Task 5 Explain any assumptions you have made when analyzing, designing and implementing the above database.. Answer: Assumption and alternative Each appointment ID is for one pet only. Same owner bring more than 1 pets to Petcare whould see as a new appointment. One prescription maximum list 3 drugs. Normally 3 drugs are enough for 1 case. If the pet has more than 1 issue need more then 3 drugs, veterinary should open multi prescription for difference type of drugs. E.g. need skin medication Painkiller. Walk-in also sees as a new appointment. Work Improvement In this assignment, the database system for PatCare has not included the user interface. The database system is used for store data and the DBMS is used for manager the database or it can be sees as a bridge of Database and User interface. DBMS is not designed for user, it mainly use command line to manager the database and query the data. Even some new DBMS; system such as MS Access and SQL have GUI but also hard for a normal user to use the database and query data. In order to let users easy to use the database, User Interface is a must. The user interface let user easy to input data, update records and check the records. And also we can per-set some forms and reports for user print out. The user interface not need very gorgeous or complex. A good user interface is simple, convenient and easy to understand and easy to use. We should design a web base interface because the web base interface is simple and easy to manage. The most important is the web base interface does not need install additional programs, therefore not additional budget for buy other applications.

Essay on Voltaire’s Candide: The Accuracy of Candide -- Voltaire Candi

  Ã‚  Ã‚   Voltaire is correct in Candide, where he argues that life on earth is hell in many ways. Voltaire accurately describes how selfish people often are and how they inflict misery on others as a result. Voltaire also describes accurately common forms of cruelty in society. Although he may be mistaken that all wars are equally senseless and avoidable, Voltaire is correct in showing that war inevitably produces atrocities, which makes for hell on earth.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In support of these statements, let's examine Voltaire's accurate description of human selfishness.  Ã‚   An example would be the behavior of the sailor who Pangloss and Candide met on their voyage to Lisbon.   This sailor was rescued from drowning by Jacques the Anabaptist. Yet when Jacques fell into the sea himself, the sailor refused to risk his own life to save him. As a result of this selfishness, Jacques died. Later on, when the sailor reached shore, he ignored the sufferings of people horribly injured by a recent earthquake. Instead the sailor took money from them in order to get drunk and hire a prostitute. This sailor was wholly self-centered and uncaring about anyone else and by not helping anybody out he in effect inflicted misery on them. When the terrorists destroyed the World Trade Centers, and many police and firemen were killed, many people received money for relatives that did not die, and used the money for gambling, booze and whores. Human nature in this regard has not changed since the book was written. This being so, Voltaire's description of how human selfishness can often turn life on earth into a hell is accurate.     Ã‚   Voltaire's depiction of how common cruelty is in society is also well supported. For example, Voltaire describes how Candide en... ... again as an example, there were many instances of people who risked their own lives to save others and as a result received citations and promotions as well as the admiration of their family and friends. This objection to my argument, however, does not take an important thrust of Candide into account. That is, that Voltaire felt that he had to use exaggeration and one-sided presentation to make sure his audience did not refuse to contemplate deeply just how much cruelty and selfishness exists at all times all around them and how much people suffer because of that. Works Cited and Consulted: Frautschi, R.L. Barron's Simplified Approach to Voltaire: Candide. New York: Barron's Educational Series, Inc., 1998. Lowers, James K, ed. "Cliff Notes on Voltaire's Candide". Lincoln: Cliff Notes, Inc. 1995. Voltaire. Candide. New York: Viking Publishers, 1976.